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Una vez más, el tenor de una garantía independiente - Despacho de abogados Gómez-Acebo & Pombo

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Una vez más, el tenor de una garantía independiente

icon 23 de diciembre, 2019
El Tribunal de Casación francés consideró en sentencia de 12 diciembre 2018 si el tenor de la siguiente garantía bancaria era propio de una garantía independiente o denotaba que las partes habían querido referirse a la obligación principal como un elemento del supuesto de hecho de la garantía. El tenor del documento que importa considerar es el siguiente (versión inglesa): We, [the bank], irrevocably undertake to pay to [the lender] upon its first demand and not to raise any exception or objection whatsoever, any amount up to a maximum of EUR… in exchange for [the lender’s] written confirmation or swift certifying that the requested amount is due as a result of the payment default of the [borrower]. A diferencia de lo resuelto por el tribunal de apelación, la Corte suprema consideró que no se trataba de una garantía independiente, por su referencia decisiva a la relación subyacente.

Con independencia de si la distinta calificación tiene poca o mucha importancia práctica, lo cierto es que esta resolución tiene analogía con otras del Tribunal Supremo español que igualmente consideran casos como éste de garantías accesorias. Para evitar esta desagradable sorpresa para el beneficiario, es preferible redactar la cláusula de modo que el beneficiario realice DOS declaraciones separadas, y no UNA declaración sintética. A saber, (1) Manifestación de que el deudor ha incumplido (si tal cosa se exige en la garantía como parte de la declaración) y (2) Reclamación de Euros x como cantidad debida por la presente garantía.

Autor/es

Ángel Carrasco – Consejero Académico

Tipología

Actualidad Jurídica

Áreas y sectores

Bancario y Financiero

Mercantil